Pure Programmer
Project: Base64 Decoding
[[Base64]] is a binary-to-text encoding scheme used in the early days of computing when SMTP (email) and other network protocols only supported 7-bit bytes. It is still used today for attachments to email files. The idea is to convert a file that uses 8-bit bytes into a stream of 7-bit ASCII characters. By using a radix of 64 we can represent 6-bit values with one of the characters A-Z, a-z, 0-9, +, /. So the idea is to break three octets up into four sextets, then convert the sextet to one of our 64 7-bit safe ASCII characters. Depending on the length of the data one or two equal signs '=' will need to be output at the end to pad the output to an even multiple of four. Also to make things easier to read, a newline is output after every 76 output characters.
Write a program that accepts a filename on the command line of a Base64 encoded file, converts the file back to its original binary representation and outputs it to a second filename supplied on the command line.
See Base64Encoding
Output
$ rustc Base64Decoding.rs
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ofh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:31:10
|
31 | binmode(ofh);
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ifh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:36:23
|
36 | while getcodepoint(c,ifh) {
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ofh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:52:30
|
52 | putbyte(outputBytes[i],ofh);
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ifh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:59:8
|
59 | close(ifh);
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ofh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:60:8
|
60 | close(ofh)?;
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `exit` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:67:3
|
67 | exit(1);
| ^^^^ not found in this scope
|
help: consider importing this function
|
8 + use std::process::exit;
|
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:20:12
|
20 | sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
| ^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:20:45
|
20 | sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
| ^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0425]: cannot find function `find` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:20:17
|
20 | sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
| ^^^^ not found in this scope
|
help: use the `.` operator to call the method `find` on `&str`
|
20 - sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
20 + sextets[i] = base64Codes.find(inputBytes[i]);
|
error[E0425]: cannot find function `binmode` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:31:2
|
31 | binmode(ofh);
| ^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `getcodepoint` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:36:8
|
36 | while getcodepoint(c,ifh) {
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `isspace` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:37:8
|
37 | if !(isspace(c)) {
| ^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:38:15
|
38 | inputBytes[count % 4] = c;
| ^^^^^^^^^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:52:27
|
52 | putbyte(outputBytes[i],ofh);
| ^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0425]: cannot find function `putbyte` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:52:7
|
52 | putbyte(outputBytes[i],ofh);
| ^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `close` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:59:2
|
59 | close(ifh);
| ^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `close` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:60:2
|
60 | close(ofh)?;
| ^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0308]: mismatched types
--> Base64Decoding.rs:30:61
|
30 | fn convertFromBase64(fromFilespec:&str, toFilespec:&str) -> Result<(), Arc<dyn error::Error>> {
| ----------------- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ expected `Result<(), Arc<dyn Error>>`, found `()`
| |
| implicitly returns `()` as its body has no tail or `return` expression
|
= note: expected enum `Result<(), Arc<(dyn std::error::Error + 'static)>>`
found unit type `()`
error[E0433]: failed to resolve: use of undeclared crate or module `io`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:77:59
|
77 | if let Some(ex) = utils::isCustomErrorType(ex.clone(), io::Error("".to_string())){
| ^^
| |
| use of undeclared crate or module `io`
| help: a builtin type with a similar name exists: `i8`
error: aborting due to 19 previous errors
Some errors have detailed explanations: E0277, E0308, E0425, E0433.
For more information about an error, try `rustc --explain E0277`.
$ diff ../../data/text/GettysburgAddress.txt output/testBase64Decoding.txt
diff: output/testBase64Decoding.txt: No such file or directory
$ rustc Base64Decoding.rs
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ofh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:31:10
|
31 | binmode(ofh);
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ifh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:36:23
|
36 | while getcodepoint(c,ifh) {
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ofh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:52:30
|
52 | putbyte(outputBytes[i],ofh);
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ifh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:59:8
|
59 | close(ifh);
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ofh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:60:8
|
60 | close(ofh)?;
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `exit` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:67:3
|
67 | exit(1);
| ^^^^ not found in this scope
|
help: consider importing this function
|
8 + use std::process::exit;
|
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:20:12
|
20 | sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
| ^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:20:45
|
20 | sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
| ^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0425]: cannot find function `find` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:20:17
|
20 | sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
| ^^^^ not found in this scope
|
help: use the `.` operator to call the method `find` on `&str`
|
20 - sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
20 + sextets[i] = base64Codes.find(inputBytes[i]);
|
error[E0425]: cannot find function `binmode` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:31:2
|
31 | binmode(ofh);
| ^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `getcodepoint` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:36:8
|
36 | while getcodepoint(c,ifh) {
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `isspace` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:37:8
|
37 | if !(isspace(c)) {
| ^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:38:15
|
38 | inputBytes[count % 4] = c;
| ^^^^^^^^^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:52:27
|
52 | putbyte(outputBytes[i],ofh);
| ^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0425]: cannot find function `putbyte` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:52:7
|
52 | putbyte(outputBytes[i],ofh);
| ^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `close` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:59:2
|
59 | close(ifh);
| ^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `close` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:60:2
|
60 | close(ofh)?;
| ^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0308]: mismatched types
--> Base64Decoding.rs:30:61
|
30 | fn convertFromBase64(fromFilespec:&str, toFilespec:&str) -> Result<(), Arc<dyn error::Error>> {
| ----------------- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ expected `Result<(), Arc<dyn Error>>`, found `()`
| |
| implicitly returns `()` as its body has no tail or `return` expression
|
= note: expected enum `Result<(), Arc<(dyn std::error::Error + 'static)>>`
found unit type `()`
error[E0433]: failed to resolve: use of undeclared crate or module `io`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:77:59
|
77 | if let Some(ex) = utils::isCustomErrorType(ex.clone(), io::Error("".to_string())){
| ^^
| |
| use of undeclared crate or module `io`
| help: a builtin type with a similar name exists: `i8`
error: aborting due to 19 previous errors
Some errors have detailed explanations: E0277, E0308, E0425, E0433.
For more information about an error, try `rustc --explain E0277`.
$ diff ../../data/text/UnicodeTest.utf8 output/testBase64Decoding.utf8
diff: output/testBase64Decoding.utf8: No such file or directory
$ rustc Base64Decoding.rs
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ofh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:31:10
|
31 | binmode(ofh);
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ifh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:36:23
|
36 | while getcodepoint(c,ifh) {
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ofh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:52:30
|
52 | putbyte(outputBytes[i],ofh);
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ifh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:59:8
|
59 | close(ifh);
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find value `ofh` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:60:8
|
60 | close(ofh)?;
| ^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `exit` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:67:3
|
67 | exit(1);
| ^^^^ not found in this scope
|
help: consider importing this function
|
8 + use std::process::exit;
|
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:20:12
|
20 | sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
| ^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:20:45
|
20 | sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
| ^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0425]: cannot find function `find` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:20:17
|
20 | sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
| ^^^^ not found in this scope
|
help: use the `.` operator to call the method `find` on `&str`
|
20 - sextets[i] = find(base64Codes,inputBytes[i]);
20 + sextets[i] = base64Codes.find(inputBytes[i]);
|
error[E0425]: cannot find function `binmode` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:31:2
|
31 | binmode(ofh);
| ^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `getcodepoint` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:36:8
|
36 | while getcodepoint(c,ifh) {
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `isspace` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:37:8
|
37 | if !(isspace(c)) {
| ^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:38:15
|
38 | inputBytes[count % 4] = c;
| ^^^^^^^^^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0277]: the type `[i32]` cannot be indexed by `isize`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:52:27
|
52 | putbyte(outputBytes[i],ofh);
| ^ slice indices are of type `usize` or ranges of `usize`
|
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[i32]>` is not implemented for `isize`
= help: the trait `SliceIndex<[T]>` is implemented for `usize`
= note: required for `Vec<i32>` to implement `Index<isize>`
error[E0425]: cannot find function `putbyte` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:52:7
|
52 | putbyte(outputBytes[i],ofh);
| ^^^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `close` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:59:2
|
59 | close(ifh);
| ^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0425]: cannot find function `close` in this scope
--> Base64Decoding.rs:60:2
|
60 | close(ofh)?;
| ^^^^^ not found in this scope
error[E0308]: mismatched types
--> Base64Decoding.rs:30:61
|
30 | fn convertFromBase64(fromFilespec:&str, toFilespec:&str) -> Result<(), Arc<dyn error::Error>> {
| ----------------- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ expected `Result<(), Arc<dyn Error>>`, found `()`
| |
| implicitly returns `()` as its body has no tail or `return` expression
|
= note: expected enum `Result<(), Arc<(dyn std::error::Error + 'static)>>`
found unit type `()`
error[E0433]: failed to resolve: use of undeclared crate or module `io`
--> Base64Decoding.rs:77:59
|
77 | if let Some(ex) = utils::isCustomErrorType(ex.clone(), io::Error("".to_string())){
| ^^
| |
| use of undeclared crate or module `io`
| help: a builtin type with a similar name exists: `i8`
error: aborting due to 19 previous errors
Some errors have detailed explanations: E0277, E0308, E0425, E0433.
For more information about an error, try `rustc --explain E0277`.
$ diff ../../data/images/GlowingCat.jpg output/testBase64Decoding.jpg
diff: output/testBase64Decoding.jpg: No such file or directory